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Fourth - party logistics

April 15th, 2010   by Connor

In recent years there has been some concern expressed by the users of third — party service providers that they are not being given the expected levels of service and business benefits. Users have also indicated that service provider’s arc insufficiently proactive in their approach to the contracted operations - which they only aim to provide the minimum and fail to enhance the operations they are responsible for. On the other hand, service providers claim that they are seldom given the opportunity to develop new ideas and offer improvements, because users are not prepared to give them adequate information of their complete supply chains. One consequence of this has been (the idea of using an additional enterprise or organization to oversee arid lake responsibility for all the outsourced operations a user might have. This has become known as fourth — party logistics.

The need to take a total supply chain approach means that a different type of service provider and a different type of RFQ/ITT approach are required. The idea is to aim to provide solutions, not just services, lt is important to recognize that there are often several different organizations or participants in a supply chain, that there is a need to develop partnerships and there should be opportunities to integrate and rationalize along the supply chain.

Thus, solutions can be developed by the co ~ venture or fourth — party service provider to offer:

• A total supply chain perspective;

" Visibility along the supply chain;

• Measurement along the supply chain (cost and performance); Open systems;

• Technical vision

• Flexibility;

• Tailored structures and systems.

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Different inventory requirements

April 14th, 2010   by Connor

There are some important differences in the way inventory requirements are determined that are related to the type of demand for the products in question. The nature of this demand should have an influence on the approach adopted to manage the inventory.

One important way of differentiating between demand types is that of de-pendent or independent demand. The type of demand will have an influence on the nature of the inventory management technique chosen.

Independent demand occurs where the demand for one particular product

isn' t related to the demand for any other product. Consumer demand for a desktop computer is, for example, independent Indeed, most consumer products are

independent of the demand for other tended goods. This is an important distinction, because products with an independent demand necessitate the use of forecasting to help determine expected demand levels and associated inventory requirements. The EOQ approach is commonly used for products with independent Procurement and inventory strategies

.

Dependent demand occurs where the demand for a particular product is directly related to another product. In the case of the desktop computer, for exam-lie, the demand for the power leads or the connecting cables would be directly dependent on the number of computers stocked as finished goods. Dependent demand can be classified in two ways. It may be vertical, e. g. the chip actually required in the production of the computer or it may be horizontal, e. g. the instructional manual that is packed with the computer as finished product. Typically, most raw materials, components and sub - assemblies have their demand dependent on the demand for the finished product. Because of this dependence, :here is a far more limited requirement for the forecasting of the demand for :these elements as the actual needs are directly related to the finished product -requirements themselves. MRP and MRP II systems are used for these elements.

One feature that has become particularly relevant in recent years concerns: he nature of the demand requirement. Is it a "push" system or a "pull" system? push system is the more traditional approach where inventory replenishment is used to anticipate future demand requirements. A pull system is where the actual demand for a product issued topic the product through the system.

A push approach to inventory planning is usually based on a set plan that is 3redetermined according to creatures of inventory reordering. This approach is a Proactive one in the sense that it is planned on the basis of estimated, or forecast demand for products from customs. The aim is to locate the demand and to en-sure that adequate stock is available in the right place at the right time. Typical-y, a push system is applicable for dependent demand and for cases where there ire uncertainties in supply, source or production capacity limitations or the need cater for seasonal demand. The EOQ method of inventory planning is based on the push approach. This was outlined in the previous part.

The pull approach is a reactive one where the emphasis is on responding directly to actual customer demand, which pulls the required product through the system. The idea of a pull system is that it can react very quickly to sudden :hangs in demand. The pull system is most useful where there is independent demand and where there is uncertainty of demand requirements or of order cycle : time. The most common form of pull system is JIT, as the orders are placed 3nly when working stock is at such a level that a replenishment orders is triggered.

For many companies there is a need to adopt the concepts of both types of approach. Thus, hybrid systems are often used in practice.

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Planning for logistics

April 13th, 2010   by Connor

This is concerned with the design of appropriate logistics processes. These processes are the methods used to ensure that the business operates effectively so that all the major objectives are achieved. The aim is for a streamlined operation that works across the various functional boundaries existing within any company. Thus, processes need to be supply -- chain - oriented. One of the main problems with logistics processes is that they are very often tied in with a number of different functional elements of the business and so it is difficult for them to operate efficiently. The results of this are usually seem to he either additional costs within the logistics system or lower levels of customer service. In many operations both of these effects occur.

This part will consider the importance of logistics processes and the need to move away from functional and towards cross- functional process development. The main reasons for adopting more streamlined processes arc discussed. Some of the key logistics processes are described and the"process triangle' is introduced as a means of the different process. A broad approach to press design is out-lined and the main steps in this approach are discussed. Finally, some key tools and techniques are described. These can be used for logistics process redesign.

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Healthy Foods Recommended

April 9th, 2010   by Connor

Tomatoes Several studies have linked the cooked tomatoes in ketchup, soups and sauces to a reduced risk of prostate cancer and other cancers of the digestive tract. Tomatoes contain lycopene, probably the most powerful antioxidant among the arytenoids, the compounds that turn fruits and veggies into deep orange.

Spinach is loaded with iron and foliate, a Vitamin B considered so important that it is now routinely added to flour. Foliate not only prevents neural-tube defects in babies but also lowers blood levels of homocysteine, an amino acid that irritates blood vessels and is linked to heart disease.

Red Wine The skins of the grapes used to make red wine contain supercharged ]antioxidants according to the latest research, may also inhabit the production of ?endothelia a peptide that contributes to hardening of the arteries

Nuts The types of fat found in nuts are the good fads. When eaten instead of junk old high in fats( (like potato chips and dough nuts), nuts lower loud levels of triglycerides (and LDL cholesterol while raising HDL cholesterol-—a perfect formula for preventing heart disease. Nuts provide another benefit; they con-3in vitamin E, a potent antioxidant that may help ward off heart disease and cancer.

Broccoli Broccoli boasts a fistful of photochemical including sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol, that may detoxify cancer-causing substances before they have a chance to causeharm. In women, indole-3-carbinol may turn the estrogen associated with breast cancer into a more benignf form. Oats Oats contain beta-glucan. a spongy, soluble fiber(?f*§) that mops up le precursors of cholesterol in the intestines and whisks them out of the body. New evlence suggests that oats may also help lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Salmon Salmon boasts omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3s prevent platelets i the blood from clumping together. They also drive down triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, /en more tantalizing, omega-3 interact with the fatty layers that surround brain cells.

Green Tea Green tea is loaded with polyphones. a class of phytochemicals with 0 times the antioxidant punch of Vitamin C Laboratory experiments suggest that one of polyphones in green tea called catechism may inhabit. The growth of blood vessels, which some scientists think may help prevent cancer by depriving early moors of nourishment. Catechins may also prevent DMA damage caused by carcinogens t'i0^f%lifT). Drinking green tea daily can lower the risk of stomach and liver cancers. Swisng green tea around the mouth may inhabit cavity-causing bacteria(^(i]$f). Applied to the of laboratory mice, it also seems to reduce the incidence of skin cancer-Blueberries The most powerful health-promoting compounds in blueberries are ithocyanins- Besides combatting the free-radical damage linked to heart disease and incer, anthocyanins may boost brainpower. Another blueberry benefit is: like crannies, they seem to fight off urinary-tract infections by preventing E. ill bacteria from adhering to the bladder wall.

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The Beauty of Health: Model Image

April 8th, 2010   by Ann

I will not, no matter how hot she is, use any girl who is under 16,” pledged Michael Kors to a crowd of nearly 1,000 who came to the Harvard Business School last night to hear the designer along with Vogue Editor in Chief Anna Wintour and Russian supermodel Natalia Vodianova speak at a forum titled: “Health Matters, Weight, and Wellness in the Fashion Industry.” Hosted by the Harris Center, an institute at Massachusetts General Hospital that focuses on the treatment and prevention of eating disorders, and moderated by the center’s director, David Herzog, M.D., the night focused on the challenges the industry has been grappling with in the past several years to improve the health of models. The popularity of incredibly young girls on the catwalks has no doubt been a contributing factor in the superskinny model trend, but Kors, who has been a champion of the CFDA Health Initiative since it launched three years ago, saw signs of change. “The ethos of fashion is shifting toward women who are women, not girls,” noted the designer, pointing out that several older and more shapely women walked the runways in recent shows.

The very fact that the conversation was happening at all was another huge step forward, said Wintour, who has been a vocal supporter of the return of models with not only healthy bodies but strong personalities to match. “There was no public dialogue about the well-being of the young women we work with. A model’s weight or waist size or mindset toward food, these were all taboo topics reserved for conversations in corridors backstage or behind closed doors,” said Wintour, of the code of silence that existed before the CFDA issued guidelines.

Vodianova spoke about a more personal change: her realization that she suffered from an eating disorder. “There were little voices in my head that spoke to me about eating,” revealed the model, after congratulating model Kim Noorda for battling her own issues with food and courageously sharing her journey in this April issue of Vogue. “After I gave birth, I lost a lot of weight, and under the pressure of the industry I realized much later I had an eating disorder,” Vodianova said. “I went to therapy. I’m probably breaking my own boundaries, but I recognized I had a problem.”

The fashion power trio, who helped raise $150,000 for the Harris Center, vowed to continue to push for change. “My feeling is that fashion is going to see even more celebration of different body types,” said Wintour, “but that’s more than just intuition. Everyone at Vogue has made that their intention.”

—Abigail Walch

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Here are 8 things to do that will dramatically increase your chances of being employed.

April 8th, 2010   by Connor

Don't be a "smiley face".
Excessive smiling in a job interview is seen for what it is--nervousness and a lack of confidence. A smiley-face person exudes phoniness, which will quickly be picked up by the interviewer. Instead be thoughtful and pleasant. Smile when there's something to smile about. Do a practice run in front of a mirror or friend.

Don't be a bad comedian.
Humor tends to be very subjective, and while it may be tempting to lead your interview with a joke you've got to be careful about your material. You probably will know nothing about the sensibilities of your interviewer, let alone what makes them laugh. On the other hand, nothing disarms the tension of a job interview like a little laughter, so you can probably score at least a courtesy chuckle mentioning that it's "perfect weather for a job interview!"

Don't sweat.
You can lose a job by wearing an undershirt or simply a little too much clothing. Sweaty palms or beads on your forehead will not impress. Sweat will be seen as a sign of weakness and nervousness. Do a practice run with your job interview outfit in front of friends. The job interview is one place you definitely don't want to be hot.

Don't be a small-talker.
Your job is to be knowledgeable about the company for which you're interviewing. Random facts about last night's episode or your favorite blog will not get you the job. Never feel you he to fill an interview with small talk. Find ways to talk about serious subjects related to the industry or company. Pockets of silence are better than padding an interview with random babble.

Don't be petty.
Asking the location of the lunchroom or meeting room will clue the interviewer into your lack of preparation and initiative. Prepare. Don't ask questions about routine elements or functions of a company: where stuff is, the size of your cube, and company policy on coffee breaks.

Don't be a liar.
Studies show that employees lie frequently in the workplace. Lying won't get you a job. In a job interview even a slight exaggeration is lying. Don't. Never stretch your resume or embellish accomplishments. One lie can ruin your entire interview, and the skilled interviewer will spot the lie and show you the door.

Don't be high-maintenance.
If you start talking about the ideal office temperature, the perfect chair for your tricky back, and how the water cooler needs to be filled with imported mineral water, chances are you'll be shown a polite smile and the door, regardless of your qualifications. Nobody hiring today is going to be looking for someone who's going to be finicky about their workspace.

Don't be a switchblade.
Normally the switchblade is thought of a backstabber, often taking credit for someone else's work. In an interview setting, the switchblade can't help but "trash talk" his former employer. If you make it seem like your former workplace was hell on Earth, the person interviewing you might be tempted to call them to find out who was the real devil.

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The Two Roads

April 7th, 2010   by Connor

It was New Year's Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than himself now moved towards their certain goal——the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and remorse. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.

The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads——one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled.

He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, "Oh youth, return! Oh my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I'll choose the better way!" But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.

He was the lights flowing away in the darkness. These were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared, and this was the symbol of himself. His remorse, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered on life together with him. But they had made their way to success and were now honored and happy on this New Year's night.

The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents' early love for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way. With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven where his father live. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing effort, he burst out a cry: "Come back, my early days! Come back!"

And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year's Night. He was still young though his faults were real; he had not yet entered the deep, dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.

Those who still linger on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain: "O youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!"

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Never Again Will the American Taxpayer

April 6th, 2010   by Connor

THE PRESIDENT:  Good morning, everybody.  I just had a very productive meeting with two members of my Economic Recovery Advisory Board:  Paul Volcker, who's the former chair of the Federal Reserve Board; and Bill Donaldson, previously the head of the SEC.  And I deeply appreciate the counsel of these two leaders and the board that they've offered as we have dealt with a broad array of very difficult economic challenges.

Over the past two years, more than seven million Americans have lost their jobs in the deepest recession our country has known in generations.  Rarely does a day go by that I don't hear from folks who are hurting.  And every day, we are working to put our economy back on track and put America back to work.  But even as we dig our way out of this deep hole, it's important that we not lose sight of what led us into this mess in the first place.

This economic crisis began as a financial crisis, when banks and financial institutions took huge, reckless risks in pursuit of quick profits and massive bonuses.  When the dust settled, and this binge of irresponsibility was over, several of the world's oldest and largest financial institutions had collapsed, or were on the verge of doing so.  Markets plummeted, credit dried up, and jobs were vanishing by the hundreds of thousands each month. We were on the precipice of a second Great Depression.

To avoid this calamity, the American people -- who were already struggling in their own right -- were forced to rescue financial firms facing crises largely of their own creation.  And that rescue, undertaken by the previous administration, was deeply offensive but it was a necessary thing to do, and it succeeded in stabilizing the financial system and helping to avert that depression.

Since that time, over the past year, my administration has recovered most of what the federal government provided to banks. And last week, I proposed a fee to be paid by the largest financial firms in order to recover every last dime.  But that's not all we have to do.  We have to enact common-sense reforms that will protect American taxpayers -– and the American economy -– from future crises as well.

For while the financial system is far stronger today than it was one year ago, it's still operating under the same rules that led to its near collapse.  These are rules that allowed firms to act contrary to the interests of customers; to conceal their exposure to debt through complex financial dealings; to benefit from taxpayer-insured deposits while making speculative investments; and to take on risks so vast that they posed threats to the entire system.

That's why we are seeking reforms to protect consumers; we intend to close loopholesthat allowed big financial firms to trade risky financial products like credit defaults swaps and other derivativeswithout oversight; to identify system-wide risks that could cause a meltdown; to strengthen capital and liquidity requirements to make the system more stable; and to ensure that the failure of any large firm does not take the entire economy down with it.  Never again will the American taxpayer be held hostage by a bank that is "too big to fail."

Now, limits on the risks major financial firms can take are central to the reforms that I've proposed.  They are central to the legislation that has passed the House under the leadership of Chairman Barney Frank, and that we're working to pass in the Senate under the leadership of Chairman Chris Dodd.  As part of these efforts, today I'm proposing two additional reforms that I believe will strengthen the financial system while preventing future crises.

First, we should no longer allow banks to straytoo far from their central mission of serving their customers.  In recent years, too many financial firms have put taxpayer money at risk by operating hedge funds and private equity fundsand making riskier investments to reap a quick reward.  And these firms have taken these risks while benefiting from special financial privileges that are reserved only for banks.

Our government provides deposit insuranceand other safeguards and guarantees to firms that operate banks.  We do so because a stable and reliable banking system promotes sustained growth, and because we learned how dangerous the failure of that system can be during the Great Depression.

But these privileges were not created to bestow banks operating hedge funds or private equity funds with an unfair advantage.  When banks benefit from the safety net that taxpayers provide –- which includes lower-cost capital –- it is not appropriate for them to turn around and use that cheap money to trade for profit.  And that is especially true when this kind of trading often puts banks in direct conflict with their customers' interests.

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Stress and fuss behind catwalk glam

April 1st, 2010   by Ann

Minutes to go until showtime, and the cool calm that was has turned into a manic frenzy as stylists, make-up artists and hairdressers add the final touches to the models about to strut down the catwalk.

It has taken the team at Italian fashion brand Frankie Morello about two months to work on this autumn/winter 2010-2011 womenswear show but they will have only 10 minutes of catwalk time to impress the press pack and buyers.

"You can cut other costs but you can't cut on a show," Pierfrancesco Gigliotti, one of the brand's founding designers, says. "Shows are our biggest investment. They are the most important moment for us."

Putting on a fashion show is the top event in any designer's diary, but the smooth, cool look on the catwalk takes months of preparations and organization.

From models and stylists to electricians and invitation writers, some 8,000 people are involved in the Milan fashion week, according to Italy's National Chamber of Fashion, which organizes the event.

The body begins its work five months before the start of fashion week, sorting out rooms for designers who don't have their own showing areas. It starts working on a show calendar with a four-month head start.

Several drafts have to be made before the final version is printed as designers have been known to wrangle over timing, especially when the international press wants to keep its stay in town as short as possible to cut costs. This year, the big names have been squeezed into four days after powerful fashion editor, Vogue's Anna Wintour, reportedly shortened her attendance.

The chamber has accredited some 1,300 journalists from all around the world but each fashion house has to sort out accreditation for its own shows as well as the seating - some rival fashionistas may not want to sit next to each other.

Then there are the celebrities that need to be invited.

Thousands of buyers also descend onto Italy's fashion capital and several of the top designer names, such as Giorgio Armani, Versace and Gucci host separate shows for them.

Cars will be rented or for those pulling in purse strings, the chamber provides a shuttle service.

Last year, several fashion houses in the four fashion capitals New York, London, Paris and Milan cut back on their catwalk expenses - with some pulling shows altogether - as the economic downturn hit the luxury sector.

While fancy canapes and champagne are now rare, designers are still keen to invest highly in their shows.

"There were (cost) cuts last year but there is more investment in 2010. Investing in a show is a production investment because of the returns it brings," the fashion chamber's director Giulia Pirovano says.

"The value of all the publicity that comes from fashion publications is 10 times the investment put into a show and this is important. That is why all the designers want all the top models, the best stylists, the best make-up artists."

A smaller catwalk show can cost some 80,000 euros ($108,800), while the bigger players can easily reach 1 million euros, Pirovano says. Top models can demand 10,000 euros to walk down the catwalk.

At Frankie Morello, there were 18 models on the catwalk, well below the 40 women used in 2009, but the designers said they were not cutting costs. Numbers have varied at other shows. Prada had 40 models strutting down the catwalk. "We live in a fast world, where everything is fast, including fashion," Gigliotti says. "We have 36 creations on the catwalk this year, with a rock band performing live and video installations."

Ten minutes later at Frankie Morello and after loud applause from the audience, the champagne corks are popping backstage.

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